Venous cannulation is often a painful procedure with the potential to cause significant anxiety, distress, and discomfort. This study intended to determine the effectiveness of Valsalva maneuver on intensity of pain and anxiety among patients undergoing peripheral intravenous cannulation. Using quantitative approach, an experimental study with post test only design was undertaken in the injection room of a tertiary care hospital in Vellore. Consecutive sampling technique was utilized and 50 samples in each group were randomly allocated. Control group received standard care and experimental group were asked to perform Valsalva maneuver before undergoing i ntravenous cannulation. Effectiveness was assessed using NPRS and self reported anxiety scale. The difference in the pain response was found to be statistically significant and there was a positive corr etween the intensity of pain and anxiety.

The aim of the study was to assess common problems experienced by women diagnosed with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) and its association with age and menstrual related variables. An exploratory survey was conducted and a convenient sampling technique was used to select 30 samples. Structured questionnaire was used to collect the data from 30 women in the age group of 15 to 22 years with PCOS and the data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The findings revealed that majority of the women 14(46.7% ) were in the age of 21-22 years, 20 (66.7%) had the family history of PCOS, 11(36.7%) were underweight and overweight respectively, 19(63.3%) samples had acne, 10(33.3%) had hirsutism, 16(53.3%) had thinning of hair, 2(6.7%) had bald spots, 9(30%) had dark patches, 15 (50%) had anxiety/depression and 12(40%) had the pelvic pain etc. There is a statistically significant association found on selected demographic variables with age in years at 0.05 level of significance.

School violence is a serious problem in schools now-a-days. It is rapidly increasing in India. Teachers play an important role in preventing or reducing violence in school. Survey reveals that 12.4% of students have been in school violence in 2017. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of school based violence prevention programme on knowledge regarding management of school violence among school teachers. A pre experimental one group pretest post test design was used to determine the knowledge regarding management of school violence among 30 school teachers. They were selected using non-probability convenient sampling technique. Data was collected using questionnaire method. Results revealed that majority, that is 24 (80%) school teachers had adequate knowledge on management of school violence following the school-based violence prevention programme. There was a significant difference found in the knowledge scores after the school based prevention programme. It was concluded that teachers\' knowledge has to be improved to reduce the school violence in today's world.

Pregnancy is characterized by several changes in a women's body. These changes contribute to the emergence of Low Back Pain (LBP), which may influence the daily activities during pregnancy. Pain of any origin comprises an individual's life. Majority of women are affected in their first pregnancy. Eight percent activities of daily routine are affected and 10% of patients who are unable to return to work because of LBP. A descriptive co-relational study design was adopted with 100 primi antenatal mothers from the selected antenatal clinics in Mangaluru who were selected using purposive sampling technique. Data was collected by using baseline proforma numerical pain rating scale and checklist on body posture. Mean and standard deviation of maintenance of body posture was 10.76 ± 3.09. Mean and standard deviation of pain is 3.54±2.58. There is a positive correlation (78.92) between back pain and body posture. The findings of the study proved that there was a positive relationship between back pain and body posture. Maintenance of body posture is useful in relieving back pain in antenatal mothers.

The study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of assertiveness training programme on assertive behavior and selfesteem among adolescent girls. Quantitative approach was used for the study and a pre experimental one group pretest post test design was selected. The findings showed that the assertiveness training programme which included a planned teaching programme and positive reinforcement games were effective in improving the assertive behavior and self-esteem of adolescent girls. There was a significant association between the monthly income and area of residence with the assertive behavior. There was a significant association between the self-esteem within the occupation of father and types of family.

Drug non compliance is preventable one by providing adequate knowledge regarding drug non compliance patients. Drug non compliance among hypertension patient leads to one lakh death per annum. The research was carried out to assess the effectiveness of STP on knowledge and attitude regarding drug non compliance among hypertensive patient. The research design adopted was pre experimental one group pre- test and post-test design. The study was conducted at primary health centre, Kundrathur Chennai. The study was conducted among 30 hypertensive patient. In pre test a set of question is given to answer and then experiment (STP) is given to the patient and again the same set of question is given to answer then both data is analysed to assess the effectiveness. The study concluded that STP is effective among hypertensive patient regarding drug non compliance on knowledge(t value was 2.78 which shows highly significant at P>0.001level) and attitude (t value is 3.68 which shows highly significant at P>0.001 level).